Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) — Complete Material Properties
Comprehensive material properties data for Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) titanium alloy. Extra-low interstitial grade optimized for medical implants and low-temperature applications.
| Property | Value | Unit | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Density | 4.43 | g/cm³ | Same as Grade 5 |
| Tensile Strength (Ultimate) | 860 | MPa | Minimum per ASTM F136 |
| Tensile Strength (Yield, 0.2%) | 795 | MPa | Minimum per ASTM F136 |
| Elongation at Break | 10 | % | Per ASTM F136 |
| Oxygen Content (Max) | 0.13 | % | Key difference from Grade 5 (0.20% max) |
| Fracture Toughness (KIC) | 100 | MPa√m | Higher than Grade 5 due to lower interstitials |
| Hardness | 32 | HRC | Annealed, typical |
| Modulus of Elasticity | 114 | GPa | Same as Grade 5 |
Quick Answer
Ti-6Al-4V ELI (Grade 23) has a density of 4.43 g/cm³, ultimate tensile strength of 860 MPa, and yield strength of 795 MPa. Its key differentiator from Grade 5 is the lower oxygen content (0.13% max vs 0.20%), which improves fracture toughness for medical implant applications.
Properties Comparison: Grade 23 vs Grade 5
| Property | Grade 23 (ELI) | Grade 5 | Difference |
|---|---|---|---|
| Ultimate Tensile | 860 MPa | 950 MPa | -10% |
| Yield Strength | 795 MPa | 880 MPa | -10% |
| Oxygen (max) | 0.13% | 0.20% | -35% |
| Fracture Toughness | ~100 MPa√m | ~85 MPa√m | +18% |
| Fatigue Strength | ~500 MPa | ~500 MPa | Similar |
| Hardness | 32 HRC | 36 HRC | Slightly softer |
Applicable Standards
| Standard | Scope |
|---|---|
| ASTM F136 | Wrought Ti-6Al-4V ELI for surgical implants |
| ASTM B348 | Bars and billets (general engineering) |
| ISO 5832-3 | Implants for surgery |
| ASTM F1472 | Wrought Ti-6Al-4V for surgical implants |
Engineering Notes
- Primary Use: Medical implants requiring enhanced fracture toughness
- Low-Temperature Use: Excellent for cryogenic applications to -253°C
- Cost Premium: Grade 23 typically costs 15-25% more than Grade 5
- Availability: Common bar stock up to 250mm diameter; plate available
Sources
- ASTM F136 — Standard Specification for Wrought Titanium-6Al-4V ELI
- ASTM B348 — Standard Specification for Titanium Bars and Billets
- ASM Materials Handbook, Volume 2: Properties and Selection
Engineering Interpretation
These are authoritative values from ASTM F136 and ASTM B348. Engineering interpretation (titanium.blog): the lower maximum oxygen (0.13% vs 0.20% for Grade 5) is the defining differentiator that raises fracture toughness and fatigue-crack resistance. For machining, Grade 23 is only marginally easier than Grade 5, but for medical implants its selection is a specification requirement driven by ASTM F136, not by machinability.
Evidence Basis
Based on published material-property data from ASTM F136 / ASTM B348 and ASM Materials Handbook.